Kupatsanura zvinoenderana nekugadzirisa nzira, kuchengetedza nzira uye hunyoro hwemukati ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa nzira dzekuisa mukudya kwemhuka.

Zvinoenderana neiyi nzira, chikafu chinogona kukamurwa kuita chikafu chakaoma chemhuka, chikafu chemumagaba uye chikafu chemvura.Imwe nzira ndeyekuisa chikafu maererano nemhando yacho uye musika wekutengesa maitiro.Chikafu chechipfuwo chinogona kukamurwa kuita chikafu chinozivikanwa chemhuka uye chikafu chakakurumbira chemhuka.

yakaoma pet chikafu

Rudzi rwakanyanya rwechikafu chezvipfuyo chinotengwa nevaridzi chikafu chakaoma chemhuka.Zvikafu izvi zvine hunyoro hwe6% kusvika 12% uye >88% yakaoma matter.

Grits, biscuits, powders, uye zvikafu zvakasvibiswa zvose zvikafu zvakaoma zvemhuka, izvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa izvo zvinozvikudza (extruded) zvokudya.Izvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvinorimwa muchikafu chakaoma chechipfuyo chikafu cheprotein chechirimwa nemhuka, senge corn gluten chikafu, soya bean chikafu, huku uye nyama chikafu uye ne-zvazvinogadzirwa, uye nyowani mhuka mapuroteni chikafu.Magibohaidhiretsi masosi zviyo zvisina kugadzikiswa kana zviyo zvezviyo zvakaita sechibage, gorosi uye mupunga;mafuta acho mafuta emhuka kana mafuta emiriwo.

Kuve nechokwadi chekuti chikafu chinowedzera homogenous uye chakakwana panguva yekusanganiswa, mavitamini nemaminerari anogona kuwedzerwa panguva yekusanganiswa.Zvizhinji zvemazuva ano zvipfuyo zvekudya zvakaoma zvinogadziriswa ne extrusion.Extrusion inguva yekushisa kwepamusoro-soro iyo inobika, maumbirwo uye inoputira zviyo apo gelatinizing puroteni.Kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzvanywa kwepamusoro, uye mhedzisiro yekuwedzera uye starch gelatinization mushure mekugadzira ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka.Pamusoro pezvo, kurapwa kwakanyanya kwekushisa kunogona zvakare kushandiswa senzira yekubvisa hutachiona hwekubvisa pathogenic microorganisms.Chikafu che extruded chinobva chaomeswa, chotonhodzwa uye chaiswa.Zvakare, kushandiswa kwemafuta uye zvigadzirwa zvawo zvakaomeswa kana zvinosvibisa mvura zvinogona kushandiswa kuwedzera kunaka kwechikafu.

Nzira yekugadzira mabhisikiti embwa uye grits yekatsi nembwa inoda nzira yekubheka.Iyi nzira inosanganisira kusanganisa zvese zvinongedzo pamwe chete kuita homogeneous mukanyiwa, unozobikwa.Paunenge uchigadzira mabhisikiti emhuka, mukanyiwa unogona kuumbwa kana kuchekwa kuita chimiro chaunoda, uye mabhisikiti akabikwa akafanana nekiki kana crackers.Mukugadzirwa kwezvokudya zvekatsi nembwa zvakakasharara, vashandi vanoisa mukanyiwa papani hombe rokubikira, vobika, vochityora-tyora kuita zvidimbu zvidiki kana zvatonhodzwa, vopakura.

Dry pet chikafu chinosiyana zvakanyanya mukuumbwa kwehutano, ingredient kuumbwa, nzira dzekugadzirisa, uye chitarisiko.Zvavanofanana ndezvekuti mvura ine mvura ishoma, asi mapuroteni anosiyana kubva pa12% kusvika pa30%;uye mafuta ari mukati me6% kusvika 25%.Maparamendi akadai senge ingredient kuumbwa, zvinovaka muviri uye kusungirirwa kwesimba zvinofanirwa kutariswa kana uchiongorora zvakasiyana zvekudya zvakaoma.

semi-moist pet food

Kuzivikanwa kwehafu-yakanyorova pet chikafu kwadzikira mumakore achangopfuura.Hunyoro hwezvikafu izvi 15% kusvika 30%, uye iyo huru mbishi mitsva kana yakaomeswa nenyama yemhuka, zviyo, mafuta uye nyore shuga.Iine chimiro chakapfava kupfuura chikafu chakaoma, chinoita kuti chigamuchirwe kumhuka uye inovandudza kunaka.Kufanana nezvokudya zvakaoma, zvokudya zvakawanda zvehafu-munyoro zvinobudiswa panguva yekugadzirwa kwavo.

Zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwezvigadzirwa, chikafu chinogona kubikwa musati wabuda.Kune zvakare zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwesemi-moist chikafu.Nekuda kwehuwandu hwemvura yekudya kwehafu-yakanyorova, zvimwe zvinongedzo zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa kudzivirira chigadzirwa kubva pakuora.

Kugadzirisa hunyoro huri muchigadzirwa kuitira kuti hurege kushandiswa nebhakitiriya kukura, shuga, sirasi yezviyo uye munyu zvinowedzerwa kune semi-moist pet food.Zvikafu zvakawanda zvakanyorova zvechipfuyo zvine huwandu hwakawanda hweshuga dzakapfava, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza kunaka kwavo uye kugaya.Zvichengetedzwa zvakadai se potassium sorbate zvinodzivirira kukura kwembiriso uye mold uye naizvozvo zvinopa kumwe kudzivirira kune chigadzirwa.Zvishoma zveorganic acids zvinogona kuderedza pH yechigadzirwa uye zvakare inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya.Nekuti kunhuhwirira kwechikafu chakanyorova kazhinji kudiki pane kwechikafu chemumagaba, uye kurongedza kwega kwega kuri nyore, kunofarirwa nevamwe varidzi vezvipfuyo.

Semi-moist pet food haidi firiji isati yavhurwa uye ine hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu.Kana ichienzaniswa neyakaoma huremu hwaro, mutengo wezvikafu zvakanyorova kazhinji uri pakati pezvakaoma uye zvemumagaba.

Zvokudya zvemumagaba

Iyo yekugadzika maitiro ndeyekupisa-kupisa kwekubika.Zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasanganiswa, zvakabikwa uye zvakaputirwa mumagaba esimbi anopisa ane zvivharo uye zvakabikwa pa 110-132 ° C kwemaminitsi 15-25 zvichienderana nerudzi rwegaba uye mudziyo.Chikafu chemumagaba chinochengeta 84% yehunyoro hwayo.Mvura yakakwira inoita kuti zvigadzirwa zvemumagaba zvinyatsonaka, izvo zvinoyevedza kune vatengi vanodyisa mhuka dzinovaraidza zvakanyanya, asi zvakare inodhura nekuda kwemitengo yakakwira yekugadzirisa.

Kune marudzi maviri ezvokudya zvemhuka zvemumagaba: imwe inopa kudya kunovaka muviri pamutengo wakakwana;imwe iyo inongoshandiswa sechikafu chekuwedzera kana chete nekuda kwezvinangwa zvekurapa muchimiro chenyama yemumagaba kana nyama kubva-zvigadzirwa.Zvokudya zvemumagaba zvine mutengo wakakwana, zvakadzikama zvingava nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai senyama isina kuonda, huku kana hove kubva-zvakagadzirwa, zviyo, mapuroteni emuriwo akaiswa, uye mavhitamini nemamineral;mamwe anogona kunge aine rudzi rumwe chete kana maviri enyama yakaonda kana mhuka kubva-zvigadzirwa, uye wedzera zvakakwana vhitamini nemamineral additives kuti ive nechokwadi chekudya kwakakwana.Chikamu chechipiri chekudya kwechipfuwo chemumagaba chinowanzova izvo zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvemumagaba zvinosanganisira nyama zvakanyorwa pamusoro, asi hazvina vhitamini kana mineral additives.Ichi chikafu hachina kugadzirwa kuti chipe chikafu chakakwana uye chinotarisirwa kushandiswa chete sekuwedzera kune yakazara-mutengo, ine hutano hwekudya kana nekuda kwekurapa.